• Different types of environmentally induced antinociception h

  2021-05-24

  

  Different types of environmentally induced antinociception have been reported in a wide range of species (e.g., Behbehani, 1995, Bolles and Fanselow, 1980, Harris, 1996, Millan, 2002, Rodgers, 1995). According to Bolles and Fanselow (1980), fear and pain are independent and competing motivational sy

• Compounds and were outliers for this

  2021-05-24

  

  Compounds and were outliers for this equation being the two most reactive compounds. The presence of outliers implies that other factors or specific mechanisms are involved in their chemical hydrolysis. Generally urea derivatives prove to be highly stable in aqueous solutions in vitro. Additional

• br Study br Study meta analyses br Discussion Ten studies

  2021-05-24

  

  Study 1 Study 2: meta-analyses Discussion Ten studies have examined the associations of 5-HTTLPR and COMT Val158Met with alexithymia. However, the findings were mixed. In this study, we found that neither the 5-HTTLPR nor COMT Val158Met is associated with alexithymia. The previous findings

• Introduction We have recently identified that caseinkinase C

  2021-05-24

  

  Introduction We have recently identified that caseinkinase 2 (CK2) inhibition protects white matter (WM) from ischemic injury. We focused our research on CK2 because upregulation of CK2 activity is associated with many diseases, including ischemic injury [1,[6], [7], [8]]. This review highlights an

• In mammals NETs contain DNA and antimicrobial proteins

  2021-05-22

  

  In mammals, NETs contain DNA and antimicrobial proteins composed mainly of nuclear histones, granule-derived neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, lactoferrin, pentraxin, and gelatinase among others [11], [46], [47], [48]. In fish, NETs-like structures have been observed, and DNA staining and immuno

• The Wnt signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be

  2021-05-22

  

  The Wnt signaling pathway has been demonstrated to be responsible for a variety of biological processes. The three best-characterized Wnt signaling pathways are the canonical Wnt pathway, the noncanonical planar cell polarity pathway, and the noncanonical Wnt/calcium pathway. The canonical Wnt/β-cat

• Here we explored the relative contribution of D

  2021-05-22

  

  Here we explored the relative contribution of D1-like and D2-like receptor subtypes in the control of glutamate release, as well as their pharmacological properties and their interactions modulating the release. The pharmacological parameters (EC50 and Emax) of dopamine for the different types of re

• To better understand Wolbachia s dependence on these enzymes

  2021-05-22

  

  To better understand Wolbachia’s dependence on these enzymes, RNAi experiments targeting these transcripts will be required to examine the consequences of their down-regulation on Wolbachia in the different tissues of the parasite. Initial studies have shown that decreases in Bm-cpl-3 and Bm-cpl-6

• LPA is known to regulate the peroxisome proliferator activat

  2021-05-22

  

  LPA is known to regulate the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton [58]. However, the physiological functions of LPA in cells are still poorly understood. The simultaneous production of PA with/without 1-LPA or 2-LPA may be important to maximize a

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Anxiety

  2021-05-22

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Anxiety and depression are major components of maintaining the cycle of addiction, and are responsible for the negative reinforcement of drug seeking behaviors (Sarnyai et al., 1995, Koob and Le Moal, 2008). Both rats and humans exhibit increased anxiety states du

• In the original ELF study patients

  2021-05-22

  

  In the original ELF study [7], patients were considered eligible if they were due to undergo liver biopsy for the investigation of chronic liver disease, defined as abnormal biochemical liver function tests persisting for more than 6 months, ability to provide informed consent and age between 18 and

• br Introduction br Literature review and

  2021-05-22

  

  Introduction Literature review and EPZ-6438 development CPA exam performance-related research has been of interest to academics for the past few decades. These studies have ranged from investigating the impact of the 150-hour requirement on pass rates (Allen & Woodland, 2006) to examining whe

• Aliskiren Hemifumarate Enlarging the ligand binding pocket b

  2021-05-21

  

  Enlarging the ligand-binding pocket by reduction of the size of the residue F435 switched DES to an agonist indicating that F435 is involved in mediating the antagonistic effect of DES (Fig. 7E) [13]. The conformation of the smaller side chain of L435 was either not altered by DES or was too small t

• Although the mechanisms underlying the EP

  2021-05-21

  

  Although the mechanisms underlying the EP4-mediated increase in the frequency of mEPSCs via PGE2 remain unclear, mechanisms similar to those driven by EP2 may be involved because activation of both these receptor subtypes increases the intracellular concentration of cAMP (Nishigaki et al., 1995, Sug

• Contrary to the downregulation of S

  2021-05-21

  

  Contrary to the downregulation of S1PR family GPCRs, CLL cells have increased mRNA expression of the lysophosphatidic 5-moUTP (LPA) family receptors LPAR1, LPAR3 and LPAR4 compared to normal B cells [47]. Increased LPAR1 mRNA has been shown to be associated with more aggressive disease [47] and LPA

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